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Light Years Ahead | The 1969 Apollo Guidance Computer

TNMoC

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  • Recommended by 11 people: 11 on Hacker News.
  • A classic. People kept recommending it from 2021 to 2026.
  • Presented by Robert Wills

Beginner. No background in the topic needed.

2.8M views6 years ago11 recommendations

History and cultureHardwareRetro computingHistory of computingCPUs and computer architecture

Robert Wills explains the hardware, software, and design principles of the Apollo Guidance Computer, detailing how it handled the Apollo 11 landing alarms.

Half a century ago, on 20 July 1969, Neil Armstrong was in the final stages of the lunar descent, just a few thousand feet above the surface, when suddenly his on-board computer indicated a critical alarm. For three nail-biting seconds it looked as if the mission would have to be aborted. However, Armstrong was given a "go" to continue, and after several more alarms the Eagle touched down safely on the Moon. Robert Wills introduces the amazing hardware and software that made up the Apollo Guidance Computer, walks you through the landing procedure step-by-step, and talks about the pioneering design principles that were used to make the landing software robust against any failure. He also explains the problems that occurred during the Apollo 11 landing, and shows you how the Apollo Guidance Computer played its part in saving the mission. Chapters: Welcome to TNMOC and introduction The Apollo Guidance Computer, AGC Demo How to land on the moon The eventful landing Questions and answers Recorded: 26th October, 2019.

Why it's here

11 people recommend this

What people say. Highly recommended as a fascinating and detailed explanation of the Apollo Guidance Computer's robust engineering and landing procedures.

mulmenon Hacker News • Recommends

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I suggest watching this excellent presentation: link to this video . He goes in to great depth in explaining how the LEM was in fact capable of landing itself. Automation was widespread in the development and execution of the Apollo program.

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Mandatory Light Years Ahead | The 1969 Apollo Guidance Computer link to this video 34C3 - The Ultimate Apollo Guidance Computer Talk link

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Yeah, a great example is this presentation1 about the Apollo guidance computer. The guy is really, really into it and it just makes the presentation amazing. 1 link to this video

kzrdudeon Hacker News • Recommends

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That reminds me of the Apollo guidance computer talk (available on youtube link to this video ). "Everyone" might have seen this one, but if one hasn't, it's a gem.

isollion Hacker News • Recommends

On “NASA engineers make progress toward understanding Voyager 1 issue”

I can't recommend a book, but I watched this video a while ago, and I found it riveting: "Light Years Ahead | The 1969 Apollo Guidance Computer" 0 > Robert Wills introduces the amazing hardware and software that made up the Apollo Guidance Computer, walks you through the landing procedure step-by-step, and talks about the pioneering design principles that were used to make the landing software robust against any failure. 0 link to this video

soferioon Hacker News • Recommends

On “Original Apollo 11 Guidance Computer source code for command and lunar modules”

For a superb video explaining what the AGC did and what WENT WRONG during the moon landing including the error codes:l, see: link to this video

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A bit offtopic but I recently saw a surprisingly interesting talk about the Apollo board computer0, and it's incredible how carefully they engineered the whole thing. Software hardcoded in the wiring, error correction for every memory access, ability to restart the whole system in any situation without losing state...this thing might have been rudimentary in today's standards, but the quality of the software was a different beast. 0 link to this video

mulmenon Hacker News • Recommends

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The AGC is a fascinating device. It used 60% of the ICs produced in the United States in 1963. If you are interested in the AGC I suggest this excellent video: link to this video .

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In addition to the fantastic ccc.de talk, I suggest this one related to the 1202 alarm: link to this video Great talk and overall super presenter IMHO.

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Here's another lecture I really enjoyed walking through the operation of the guidance computer and the events that lead to the 1202 error, which the speaker sums up as an "out of memory" error resulting in an automatic reboot. He says the cause was a hardware bug taxing the machine with empty status updates, combined with Buzz typing "verb 16 noun 68" to have the display auto-update some stats - he was crashing the machine but didn't put together why it was happening because it never crashed the machine in simulation. link to this video

leetrouton Hacker News • Recommends

On “The Apollo Guidance Computer”

Theres a great video of a talk on the AGC from Robert Wills at England's The National Museum of Computing link to this video More info and links to other videos on link

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On “Starship Integrated Flight Test 2 at 7 Am Central Time”

…have been the successful Moon landing it was.” 3) Neil Armstrong did adjust the landing point late in the descent after noticing rough terrain. He utilized semi-automatic control to do this. Essentially adjusting the target point for the autopilot. Eagle wasn’t directly flown like an aircraft. link A great video on the AGC and Apollo 11 landing: link to this video…

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I love the calm communications. The feeling of everything possible thought out. Regarding moon landing videos, I also enjoyed the "story" of the computer on board which is told in this great presentation 1: Light Years Ahead | The 1969 Apollo Guidance Computer by Robert Wills. Definitely worth a watch if you fancy the moon landing. 1: link to this video