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#quadcopter#controltheory#ethzurich

Onboard quadrocopter failsafe: flight after actuator failure

Mark Mueller

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Intermediate. Assumes working knowledge.

94K views12 years ago1 recommendation

Systems programmingHardwareEmbedded systemsFault tolerance and failure

Researchers demonstrate an onboard algorithm that allows a quadcopter to maintain stable flight and control after a complete motor failure.

Onboard quadrocopter failsafe -- Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control (IDSC), ETH Zurich, Switzerland - idsc.ethz.ch/ We have developed an algorithm allowing a quadrocopter to maintain stable flight despite the complete loss of a motor/propeller. In a previous video (youtu.be/bsHryqnvyYA) we have shown this algorithm in use, where a motion capture system was used to measure the position and orientation of the quadrocopter. In this video we have a pilot fly the quadrocopter. The algorithm is executed on the quadrocopter's onboard micro-controller, and the only sensors required are the quadrocopter's angular rate gyroscopes. We use blinking LEDs, mounted on the quadrocopter's arms, to indicate a virtual yaw angle, so that the pilot can control the vehicle with the same remote control commands after the failure. As an alternative to the LED system, an onboard magnetometer could be used to track the vehicle's yaw angle. Alternatively, using more sophisticated algorithms, the system could be made to work using only the rate gyroscopes. The failsafe controller uses only hardware that is readily available on a standard quadrocopter, and could thus be implemented as an algorithmic-only upgrade to existing systems. Until now, the only way a multicopter could survive the loss of a propeller or motor is by having redundancy (e.g. hexacopters, octocopters). However, this redundancy comes at the cost of additional structural weight, reducing the vehicle's useful payload. Using this technology, (more efficient) quadrocopters can be used in safety critical applications, because they still have the ability to gracefully recover from a motor/propeller failure. This technology is patent pending, and we hope that it will soon be available as a product on most commercial platforms. For more information, please see www.FlyingMachineArena.org. Researchers: Mark W. Mueller, Simon Berger, and Raffaello D'Andrea Pilot: Thomas Kägi Video: Mark W. Mueller, Markus Waibel, and Raffaello D'Andrea Location: Flying Machine Arena at ETH Zurich; and Zürichberg, Zürich Acknowledgements: This work is supported by and builds upon prior contributions by numerous collaborators in the Flying Machine Arena project. See flyingmachinearena.org/people. This work was supported by the SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation).

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1 person recommends this

What people say. Cited as a classic demonstration of algorithmic fault tolerance in robotics, showing how a quadcopter can fly with a failed motor.

raynron Hacker News • Recommends

On “Swiss Post Suspends Drone Delivery Service After Second Crash”

As an additional potential recovery mode: ETH Zurich's Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control 0 has done amazing work on quadcopter recovery after rotor control loss 1 (I believe they are down to controlled flight with only one or two rotors left, but I cannot find the link right now). I've been waiting for this to filter into the real world but have yet to see it. 0 link 1 link to this video

rtkweon Hacker News • Mentions

On “Beijing From Above, aka How I was police detained for flying a Quadcopter”

You can't pull autorotation with fixed pitch blades, at least not in any meaningful manner. Light quads can fall pretty slowly with pinwheeling motors but that's not actually autorotation. The way a helicopter is able to autorotate is to pull negative pitch, which spins the rotors using the fall energy of the copter, then shortly before crashing pulling back to positive pitch and using the still spinning blades to slow down to a controlled landing. For motor failure ETH Zurich has some research out there about recovering to normal(ish) flight after a prop loss. The quad goes into a pretty rapid spin but it's still controllable, link below to an outside the lab test. link to this video

SolarNeton Hacker News • Mentions

On “SureFly – a personal helicopter designed for safe and easy flight”

Actually that's a benefit of the quad-copter design. It can sacrifice an axis of control in that situation (a "minor" one, like rotation about the gravity vector). In this case it would likely make the passengers sick, but it would still be able to fly in a controllable fashion. See this video: link to this video

mikepurvison Hacker News • Mentions

On “Swiss Post Suspends Drone Delivery Service After Second Crash”

This isn't quite true. Cheap drones may not have this capability, but controlled, safe landings of quadrotors with a single failed motor have been demonstrated, see this ETH Zurich video from 2014: link to this video Obviously there are still other single points of failure such as the battery or controller, but at this point there's no excuse for crash landing a commercial drone just because a single motor (or rotor) has failed.