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Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar

Computer History Museum

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  • Recommended by 3 people: 3 on Hacker News.
  • A classic. People kept recommending it from 2020 to 2024.
  • Presented by Eric Bier, PARC research scientist

Intermediate. Assumes working knowledge.

7.5K views7 years ago3 recommendations

History and cultureSystems programmingHistory of computingOperating systemsVim, Emacs and editors

Eric Bier demonstrates the Cedar integrated programming environment and language developed at Xerox PARC.

[Recorded on January 24, 2019] This interpretive production was created from archival footage of Eric Bier, PARC research scientist, demonstrating the Cedar integrated environment and programming language on January 24, 2019. Cedar was an evolution of the Mesa environment/language, developed at PARC’s Computer Science Laboratory originally for the Xerox Alto. Mesa was modular and strongly-typed, and influenced the later Modula family of languages. Cedar/Mesa ran on the D-machine successors to the Alto (such as the Dorado) and added features including garbage collection, and was later ported to Sun workstations. Cedar/Mesa’s integrated environment featured a graphical window system and a text editor, Tioga, which could be used for both programming and document preparation, allowing for fonts, styles, and graphics to be embedded in code files. The editor and all its commands were also available everywhere, including on the command console and in text fields. The demo itself is running through a Mac laptop remotely logged into Bier’s Sun workstation at PARC using X Windows. Bier demonstrates the Cedar development environment, Tioga editor, editing commands using three mouse buttons, sophisticated text search features, the command line, and the Gargoyle graphics editor, which was developed as part of Bier’s UC Berkeley Ph.D. dissertation. Bier is joined by Nick Briggs, Chris Jacobi, and Paul McJones. Catalog number:102781041 Lot number: X8888.2019

Why it's here

3 people recommend this

What people say. Engineers recommend this to see the advanced capabilities of Xerox PARC's historical Cedar and Tioga systems.

pjmlpon Hacker News • Recommends

On “Re-Thinking the Desktop OS”

Good that you mention Engelbart, because none of the mainstream desktop OSes are close to his ideas, or what the Xerox workstations allowed for, ironically Windows is probably the one most closest to it. While GNU/Linux have the necessary tooling for making it as well, but thanks to the fragmentation and some communities hatred against GNOME/KDE, it will never happen. This is what a modern desktop OS should look like, "Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar" link to this video Including the part of being written on a memory safe systems programming language.

pjmlpon Hacker News • Recommends

On “On Repl-Driven Programming”

Be prepared to be amazed with what Xerox PARC and others were doing, while Bell Labs was busy pushing for UNIX. "Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar" link to this video "Emulating a Xerox Star (8010) Information System Running the Xerox Development Environment (XDE) 5.0" link "Documents as User Interfaces Video Demo" link "SYMBOLICS S-PACKAGES 3D GRAPHICS AND ANIMATION DEMO" link "Alto System Project: Dan Ingalls demonstrates Smalltalk" link "Action!, the worlds first dynamic interface builder - 1988" (Interface Builder percursor, written in Lisp) link "The Interlisp programming environment" link And the cherry, how Lucid used Lisp ideas for their Energize C++ IDE, including an image based format…

DonHopkinson Hacker News • Recommends

On “Xerox PARC Mesa Programming Language 5.0 (1979) [pdf]”

Previous HN discussion about that video: link link to this video I posted about PCR: link This is a great video! They discussed and demonstrate Cedar's early text selection, copy and move commands, and compare them to Larry Tesler’s cut and paste (which didn't require any special keys or more than one mouse button). The Tioga text editor and other Cedar applications made common operations like repeatedly copying text into a document from different places very easy and streamlined (fewer actions than cut, copy and paste), by using the shift key while selecting text. Cedar took full advantage of the three button mouse as well as the control and shift keys (for 12 combinations of actions in any contex…

DonHopkinson Hacker News • Recommends

On “Sun's NeWS was a mistake, as are all toolkit-in-server windowing systems (2013)”

…itely a lot of difficult issues and trade-offs about implementing true "WYSIWYG" editors that let you layout text and graphics that looks exactly the same on the screen and when printed. This Cedar demonstration video has some great examples of many of these issues. The Tioga text editor was "WYSIMOLWYG": what you see is more or less what you get. link to this video Some problems were due to technology and aren't as bad any more. Cedar and NeWS used black-and-white screens and didn't have anti-aliased fonts. CPUs were much slower and memory was much tighter and graphics were not accelerated, so even with color displays (which were usually only 8 bits with a colormap that makes anti-aliasing very diffic…

Grumbledouron Hacker News • Recommends

On “Oberon OS Walkthrough (2009)”

It is inspired by it as the wikipedia0 article notes. Both are inspired by Cedar/Mesa1 from PARC. There is a great video of Eric Bier showing some of cedars capabilities on youtube2. 0 link 1 link 2 link to this video

DonHopkinson Hacker News • Recommends

On “The Future of Big Iron: An Interview with IBM’s Christian Jacobi”

Here's another great historic oral history panel with a live demo of Xerox PARC's Cedar, including Eric Bier, Nick Briggs, Chris Jacobi, and Paul McJones: Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar This interpretive production was created from archival footage of Eric Bier, PARC research scientist, demonstrating the Cedar integrated environment and programming language on January 24, 2019. Cedar was an evolution of the Mesa environment/language, developed at PARC’s Computer Science Laboratory originally for the Xerox Alto. Mesa was modular and strongly-typed, and influenced the later Modula family of languages. Cedar/Mesa ran on the D-machine successors to the Alto (such as the Dorado) and added features…

teleforceon Hacker News • Mentions

On “The Guile in TeXmacs (2019) [pdf]”

…nk the naming of the TeXmacs does create confusion though since it creates the impression that this is combination of TeX and Emacs but it's neither of them. Just like the Holy Roman Empire after the collapsed of Roman Empire, it's neither Holy nor Roman nor an Empire. Now hoping for the modern incarnation version of CEDAR desktop environment. 1 link to this video 2 link…

lioeterson Hacker News • Mentions

On “The naked truth about writing a programming language (2014)”

…ate the web browser, create dynamic documents, and (as it turned out) to let users develop the web environment. ..Which brings me back to the Cedar/Tioga programming environment you mentioned. While searching around, I happened across another comment of yours (I see it's a favorite topic! :) and found the good stuff: Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar - link to this video (video) Active Tioga documents: an exploration of two paradigms - link (PDF) The Mesa Programming Environment - link (PDF) Fascinating. I saw a phrase, "active document applications", which interestingly is what the web…

teleforceon Hacker News • Mentions

On “Tylr: Demo of tile-based editing, a new kind of structure editing”

This is a very exciting development, similar in spirit to the proposal by Bret Victor for Learnable Programming 1. I'm also excited by the fact that from their website the CRDT for local-first collaborative editing and Jupyter like alternative are also in the pipeline 2. For those who are interested in the history of structure editor you can check the venerable Tioga editor in Xerox's Cedar programming environment 3,4. 1 link 2 link 3 link 4 link to this video

pjmlpon Hacker News • Mentions

On “Rust for Linux redux”

Well ideas there are plenty to steal from, that is true. But maybe we could start by actually catching up with having full stack OSes written in safe systems programming languages. link to this video link

pjmlpon Hacker News • Mentions

On “The operating system: should there be one? (2013) [pdf]”

Well, have a look at link Then follow up with "The Interlisp Programming Environment" link "Graphical Programming in Interlisp-D" link "Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar" link to this video Cedar was the very first graphical workstation for something like .NET and Java would later kind of try to become.

teleforceon Hacker News • Mentions

On “Xerox PARC Mesa Programming Language 5.0 (1979) [pdf]”

Mesa was later replaced by the more modern Cedar programming language integrated with Tioga programming and desktop environment by Xerox, after they've evaluated few languages for potential replacement including Lisp for the later part of the 80s and 90s 1,2,3. Apple and Microsoft copied their modern GUI desktop idea from Xerox in the 70s but interestingly nobody has copied the excellent Cedar/Tioga programming environment until today. 1 A Description of the Cedar Language: link 2 Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar: link to this video 3 The Tioga Editor: link

DonHopkinson Hacker News • Mentions

On “Remembering Mark Weiser: Chief Technologist Xerox PARC (2000) [pdf]”

…e 5.0 (1979) pdf (bitsavers.org) link link I posted to that about his work on PCR (Portable Common Runtime, for porting Cedar apps to Unix) and conservative garbage collection, and linked to an HN discussion of a video demo of Cedar and Tioga running on Unix with PCR: link Demonstration of the Xerox PARC Cedar integrated environment (2019) link to this video (youtube.com) link link to this video…

masswerkon Hacker News • Mentions

On “Everyone seems to forget why GNOME and GNOME 3 and Unity happened”

…and this featured sort of a task/icon bar already. Notably, the second, long ongoing project for an Acorn operating system, written in Modula 2, was conducted at ARC (Acorn Research Center) in Palo Alto, next to PARC. There may have been some exchange (and inspiration) involved. 2 link 3 Video, "Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar", CHM YT channel, link to this video…

DonHopkinson Hacker News • Mentions

On “Most(LY Dead) Influential Programming Languages (2020)”

…major influence on the design of other important languages, such as Modula-2 and Java, and was an important vehicle for the development and dissemination of the fundamentals of GUIs, networked environments, and the other advances Xerox contributed to the field of computer science. Demonstration of the Xerox PARC Cedar integrated environment (2019) link to this video (youtube.com) link Computer History Museum: Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar link to this video Mark Weiser and others at Xerox PARC's ported the Cedar environment to Unix, which resulted in the development of the still-widely-used Boehm–Demers–Weiser conservative garbage collection. link I believe that stuff is the port of Cedar to the Sun. Xerox PAR…

pjmlpon Hacker News • Mentions

On “Async rust – are we doing it all wrong?”

…el programming. Plenty of options, D, Go, Swift, C#, Nim, Eiffel, Common Lisp, Haskell, OCaml,.... Dead options that unfortunely didn't manage to win market adoption, Oberon, Oberon-2, Active Oberon, Component Pascal, Modula-2+, Modula-3, Cedar, Speaking of Cedar, when will Rust managed to have a full workstation OS? "Eric Bier Demonstrates Cedar" link to this video Redox still has a bit to catch with what a full graphical workstation OS was capable of in 1980's hardware, using a systems programming language with automatic memory management. Naturally, there are other examples out from Xerox PARC, Genera and Texas Instruments on that regard.…